Evolution and Application of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) is closely linked to the four Industrial Revolutions
that have influenced human history (Schwab, 2017). The initial Industrial Revolution, characterised
by mechanisation and steam power from the late 18th to early 19th century, established the
groundwork for mass production and urbanisation. The second Industrial Revolution, marked by
electrification and assembly lines from the late 19th to early 20th century, advanced
industrialisation significantly. The third Industrial Revolution, or Digital Revolution, commenced in
the mid-20th century with the introduction of computers, automation, and telecommunications,
resulting in the digitalisation of society (Rifkin, 2011).